The Snapshot听
Backed by a $2.5-million grant from听, the Building Bridges research project, led by Dalhousie, is hardwiring the AI revolution and the ocean sector by empowering researchers and industry with new digital tools to gather, analyze and share data.听
The Challenge听
Traditionally, when ocean researchers want to study how mussel populations change over time it involves hip waders and slogging through tidal waters, counting molluscs and jotting notes 鈥� again and again, rain or shine. It鈥檚 difficult and time-consuming work, but the insights the data provide make it invaluable.听
A barometer of ocean听health, changes in how these super sensitive shellfish gather on rocks provide important information about their evolving ecosystems and the impacts of climate change. It can also help Canadian mussel farmers, who produced over 20,000 tonnes of the shellfish each year, to understand how best to build the industry on the country鈥檚 coasts. 听
Tidal pools off the coast of B.C. (Hakai Institute photo)
鈥淲e have an intertidal mapping program where researchers are out in the field, they're measuring, they're counting, they're kneeling down and looking at individual pieces. But they can only get to so many places, it's dangerous. We're out on the West Coast with steep rocky shores. And some of the places we can't even get to,鈥� says Will McInnes, a Geographic Information System specialist at British Columbia-based听.听
Hakai is one of Dalhousie鈥檚 six ocean research partners in the Building Bridges research project. Led by Dal and supported by a $2.5-million grant from Canada鈥檚 Ocean Supercluster, the听endeavour听aims to maximize the impact of ocean research with artificial intelligence (AI).听
Dal data scientist Dr. Mike Smit, the project's principal investigator, emphasizes the urgent need for AI to empower ocean researchers in their fieldwork and to ensure the data they gather has as much impact as possible.
Dal鈥檚 Dr. Mike Smit leads the Building Bridges project. (Cody Turner photo)
鈥淓very piece of data has potential value to us. If that data sits locked in a desk drawer, filing cabinet or hard drive, it鈥檚 not bringing benefits to Canadians that it should be. AI can ease the data gathering process and dramatically increase our ability to share, analyse and learn from it,鈥� he says.
The Solution听
Ushering the AI revolution into Canada鈥檚 ocean economy will require a new generation of professionals who understand the fast-evolving digital tools and how they can be applied to better understand the waters that surround us, says Dr. Smit.听
鈥淲e've seen time and time again, when we want to roll AI out across different sectors that leaders say, 鈥榃e don't even know what's possible in the space. We can hire the technical expertise, but we don鈥檛 know what we want them to do. Building Bridges will help ocean people understand enough about AI to know what it can do, and tech people enough about oceans to be able to do it,鈥� he says.
The project will support innovators in the field like Hakai to develop and share their AI research methods for others to learn from. It will also strengthen Canada鈥檚 ocean data management by enhancing the work of the听听(CIOOS), the country鈥檚 central repository for ocean data gathered by government, academia, industry, NGOs, Indigenous communities and others. CIOOS, which receives its primary funding from听听补苍诲听, will leverage AI to ease data submission processes and ensure it鈥檚 available and accessible to everyone that can use it.听
鈥淲e need to harness what AI is really good at to manage Canada鈥檚 ocean data and ensure it鈥檚 available and accessible for people who do research to help us better understand the ocean and people in industry interested in commercial applications. All of those conversations are informed by broader access to data,鈥� says Dr. Smit.
The Work听
Swooping along British Columbia鈥檚 rugged coastline, Hakai Institute drones have become a frequent sight above the province鈥檚 mussel fields. The images they capture are fed into an AI program that helps their scientists to better understand the bivalves, without anyone getting their feet wet.听
鈥淚t's pretty amazing. On the same day we can go out there with a drone and then stick the images together into a map, feed it into the AI, and at the end, you get images that cover large areas,鈥� says McInnes. 鈥淲e can use the AI to identify how many there are and how things are changing over time, like whether they鈥檙e moving up and down, based on changes in temperature, high heat, freezing events, influence from sea stars, or whatever else might affect them.鈥�
Hakai Institute drone makes its way along the coast of B.C. (Hakai Institute)
Hakai鈥檚 mussel-observation project is just one of several taking place as part of Building Bridges. Smit says others will further demonstrate how researchers can deploy AI to eliminate manual and administrative tasks to focus on answering core questions.听
He describes another project focused on ocean acoustics: 鈥淭he researchers put hydrophones in the water, and record sound for days, weeks, months. There is a lot to listen to. That鈥檚 really labor intensive,鈥� says Dr. Smit. 鈥淩ather than a human listening, a computer can automatically identify noises like whale sounds or ship noise to study how ship traffic is impacting whales.鈥�
The Impact听
Dr. Smit says that the ambition of Building Bridges aligns with Canada鈥檚听(PCAIS), which identifies the need to capitalize on the country鈥檚 competitive advantage in AI research capacity and talent. To that end, the project is funded by Ocean Supercluster through an allocation through the PCAIS program.
Dr. Smit discusses the ambitions of the project and its goals.
鈥淚f we鈥檙e going to maximize the opportunity, we need all sectors of the economy to be doing the adopting, developing, mobilizing and commercializing here in Canada,鈥� says Dr. Smit. 鈥淎s Canada鈥檚 ocean research leader and home to the Atlantic headquarters of CIOOS, 黑料吃瓜网is ideally placed to help lead the effort.鈥澨�
Will McInnes says Hakai鈥檚 project is helping their researchers get new insight into the behaviour of mussels. He notes, for example, that they will be able to study how temperature spikes like recent heat domes kill off mussels and other sea life in intertidal waters.
鈥淲e鈥檒l be able to better understand these dynamics, as well as changing ocean temperatures and acidification,鈥� he says. 听
As Hakai learn from their data, CIOOS is developing new AI models to ensure it is also captured and made easily available to other scientists and industry partners. And, just as importantly, Hakai鈥檚 research methods will provide a model for other researchers, helping to inform best practice for integrating AI into their work.听
鈥淧art of our goal for this project is to make our AI tools freely available, as well as the source data and code so that others can use it, modify it and take it their own way.鈥�