If you鈥檝e been grocery shopping recently, you鈥檝e seen the signs: flyers at all check-outs urgently requesting donations for Feed Nova Scotia after the organization announced they鈥檙e critically low on food.
As the community stepped up to help, including 黑料吃瓜网with its donation of over a tonne of food, the situation at Feed Nova Scotia prompts a larger question: how food secure are our populations?
Well, 8.3 per cent of Canadians are food insecure 鈥� an issue one group on campus is looking to tackle at its roots.
is a four-week long summer enrichment program for exceptional high school students. Each year over 600 students gather at 12 universities campuses across Canada, including at Dalhousie. During their month-long stay on campus, students work in teams, combining science, technology, engineering, arts and math (STEAM) skills with entrepreneurial innovation to create a product that will help solve one of the world鈥檚 big issues. This year the focus is on food security.
Exploring issues
Nicholas Barclay is one of this year鈥檚 Dal participants. The 17-year-old from Victoria, B.C., came to Dal to experience the east coast and explore his interest in engineering. Though science-focused, he said he鈥檚 enjoying the diversity that the 鈥渋ntense鈥� program has to offer.
鈥淚t鈥檚 not just about not having enough food,鈥� Nick explains, adding that he and his peers were aware of food insecurity issues, but not the specifics. 鈥淭here鈥檚 malnutrition, lack of access鈥攜ou have to consider all the different facets.鈥�
According to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, food security is defined as having access to enough food to lead a healthy active life. The food also has to be culturally appropriate. 聽
, assistant professor with the Marine Affairs Program and the Canadian Research Chair in Integrated Ocean and Coastal Governance, introduced this year鈥檚 topic to the group. She was impressed with the level of knowledge the students already had.
鈥淭hey brought up people with disabilities, people with poor mental health, the elderly 鈥� there鈥檚 a wide range of people who might face challenges,鈥� says Dr. Bailey.
As part of the introductory lecture, the group looked at a case study of the Arctic, where entire communities face particularly challenging food security issues. High fuel prices mean higher shipping costs. There are longer shipping times and with longer, warmer winters, the chance of food spoilage is increased. Arctic communities also face the limiting of their traditional food sources: 鈥淢ost of us, we鈥檙e not hunters or fishermen, we shouldn鈥檛 be imposing our standards on people who are culturally different,鈥� says Nicholas.
The case study also allowed students to look at an aspect of food security that often goes overlooked: malnutrition. Some people may have access to food, but that food doesn鈥檛 have a high enough nutritional value. To learn about the work required to produce healthy food, students visited the Common Roots Urban Farm near the QEII hospital in Halifax. While there, they split into groups to make compost, weed the 鈥榝ood forest鈥� and do maintenance on the pathways and signs.
鈥淏eing able to see where food actually comes from is really important. That鈥檚 why we go out and help with the garden and visit a dairy farm,鈥� says , a SHAD co-director and associate professor in the School of Information Management. 鈥淭hey not only contribute to the local community, but it helps them understand the process of getting food from farm to table and get a feel for the complex and moving parts.鈥�
Innovative ideas
Understanding where food comes from is the premise of Nicholas鈥� group鈥檚 project: a gardening system for young children.
It鈥檚 the group鈥檚 hope that the system will connect people at an early age to the process of food production, and increase their ability to make healthier choices in the future. 鈥淭he difficulty is creating something that is fun and interesting for kids, while being accessible and easy to use,鈥� he explained. 鈥淚t also needs to be something parents are willing to buy for their kids.鈥�
The group might be on the right track.
鈥淭he young have to have a voice in the future we鈥檙e creating,鈥� says Dr. Bailey, who recently co-edited a special edition of Solutions. The journal features thoughtful articles on food-security solutions. For the special edition, Dr. Bailey and co-editor Jessica Duncan sought out contributions exclusively written by young academics around the world.
鈥淭his is one of the consequences we saw with Brexit,鈥� she continues. 鈥淭he older population voted to leave, while the younger population voted to stay. It鈥檚 the older generation making choices with consequences that the younger generation is going to have to live with. High schoolers or young academics should be creating their own vision of a sustainable food future.鈥�
Creating that vision won鈥檛 be easy, says Nicholas. 鈥淭here鈥檚 a lot to consider. Do you focus on production, understanding, nutrition, or waste? For example, 20 per cent of food is wasted before it even gets to the retailers because it has to look a specific way. Changing perception is going to be one of the biggest challenges.鈥�
However, Nicholas agrees that the young are best suited for the job. 鈥淲e have no filters,鈥� he says. 鈥淲e haven鈥檛 learned how to shut down our own ideas.鈥�
Carrying it through
SHAD aims to make sure they never do. Dr. Smit has been with SHAD since his undergrad days. According to his experience, SHAD helps students figure out how to move beyond where they are now, to broaden their horizons, and offers opportunities that help them explore new ideas. 鈥淲e鈥檙e equipping Canada鈥檚 future leaders to be ready.鈥�
Though the task may be daunting, Nicholas feels he and his peers are prepared. 鈥淲e鈥檙e being handed the world we live in. We鈥檒l be the ones to carry it on and see it through.鈥�